@Column(nullable=false) 是生成模式的指令。从该类生成的数据库列将在实际数据库中标记为不可空。

optional=false 是一条运行时指令。它的主要功能与懒加载有关。除非你记得设置 optional=false，否则你就无法懒加载一个非集合映射实体（因为 Hibernate 不知道那里应该有一个代理还是一个空值，除非你告诉它空值是不可能的，所以它可以生成一个代理）。

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3331907/what-is-the-difference-between-manytooneoptional-false-vs-columnnullable-f

1. Overview

Starting with Java 8, we have a new Date API: java.time.

However, sometimes we still need to perform conversions between the new and old APIs, and work with date representations from both.

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1.Get the User in a Bean

The simplest way to retrieve the currently authenticated principal is via a static call to the SecurityContextHolder:

Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
String currentPrincipalName = authentication.getName();

An improvement to this snippet is first checking if there is an authenticated user before trying to access it:

Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
if (!(authentication instanceof AnonymousAuthenticationToken)) {
    String currentUserName = authentication.getName();
    return currentUserName;
}

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This is known issue in Hibernate, see https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-8805

Solution is to add @org.hibernate.annotations.ForeignKey(name = "none") on the mapped side.

class Parent {

  @OneToMany(mappedBy="parent", cascade=CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval=true)
  @OrderColumn(name="childIndex")
  @org.hibernate.annotations.ForeignKey(name = "none")
  public List<Child> getChildren() {
    return children;
  }

}

Note: Prefer the JPA 2.1 introduced javax.persistence.ForeignKey instead. The native annotation is deprecated.

answerd by Bustanil Arifin and sophros How do I disable Hibernate foreign key constraint on a bidirectional association?

Here is the difference:

• addFlashAttribute() actually stores the attributes in a flashmap (which is internally maintained in the users session and removed once the next redirected request gets fulfilled)
• addAttribute() essentially constructs request parameters out of your attributes and redirects to the desired page with the request parameters.

So the advantage of addFlashAttribute() will be that you can store pretty much any object in your flash attribute (as it is not serialized into request params at all, but maintained as an object), whereas with addAttribute() since the object that you add gets transformed to a normal request param, you are pretty limited to the object types like String or primitives.

answerd by Biju Kunjummen https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14470111/spring-redirectattributes-addattribute-vs-addflashattribute